The urine Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology test is a microscopic examination of urine to analyze the shape, size, and appearance of red blood cells present in the sample. This test helps to determine the source and cause of hematuria (blood in urine) by identifying whether the RBCs are originating from the kidneys or the lower urinary tract. Morphological abnormalities in RBCs can indicate various conditions such as glomerulonephritis, urinary tract infections, or kidney stones.